Practise 42 current affairs questions from 3 November 2026 with answers and explanations for banking, SSC and railway exams on QZeX.
Q1) Which driver clinched the 2026 Formula 1 world title with third place at the Mexico City Grand Prix on 1 November?
Explanation:Kimi Antonelli secured his first world title for Mercedes, becoming F1’s youngest champion. He entered the 71-lap race needing only ninth place regardless of Hamilton’s and Russell’s results, started fourth and finished third. Red Bull’s Max Verstappen won the race ahead of Lewis Hamilton. Thus, the championship winner and the winner of the title-deciding Grand Prix were different drivers.
Q2) How many personnel received the Kendriya Grihmantri Dakshata Padak for 2026, announced on 31 October?
Explanation:490 personnel from States/UTs, Central Armed Police Forces and Central Police Organisations received the award. Instituted by the Ministry of Home Affairs on 1 February 2024, it recognises excellence in operations, investigation, intelligence and forensic science. Announcement takes place annually on Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s birth anniversary, 31 October. Amit Shah was Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation.
Q3) At Ekta Nagar on 31 October 2026, what was the combined value of the 23 inaugurated projects and eight foundation-stone projects?
Explanation:The combined value was ₹426.71 crore: ₹307.83 crore for 23 completed projects and ₹118.88 crore for eight new projects. Tourism facilities included a ₹50-crore IRCTC hotel, ₹16-crore Ekta Cruise and ₹14.30-crore Rain Forest. Civic works included sewage and water treatment plants; new works included road, waste-management and garden development. The Gujarat programme coincided with Patel’s 151st birth anniversary near the Statue of Unity. Gujarat’s capital is Gandhinagar; Bhupendra Patel was Chief Minister.
Q4) Near which town did Severe Cyclonic Storm Murasu cross the south Andhra Pradesh coast on 3 November 2026?
Explanation:Murasu crossed near Ongole, between Nellore and Narasapur, during 03:30–05:30 IST on 3 November 2026. IMD reported sustained winds of 100–110 km/h, gusting to 120 km/h. At 05:30 it remained a severe cyclonic storm over south coastal Andhra Pradesh. IMD, under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, tracked it with Doppler radars at Machilipatnam and Visakhapatnam and forecast gradual weakening after landfall. Andhra Pradesh’s capital is Amaravati; its Chief Minister was N. Chandrababu Naidu.
Q5) Which pair was reported as Sports Ministry nominees to the 2030 Commonwealth Games Organising Company board in October 2026?
Explanation:Rahul Dravid and Saina Nehwal were the Sports Ministry’s nominees as directors. Dravid is a former India cricket captain and coach; Nehwal won the 2010 Commonwealth Games women’s singles badminton gold. Gujarat Deputy Chief Minister Harsh Sanghavi was expected to chair the board. Dravid also joined the GoSports Foundation’s Board of Advisors in 2014 and launched an athlete mentorship programme, extending his work beyond cricket. Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya was the Union Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports.
Q6) Which Indian organisation joined Tiger Triumph for the first time in its fifth edition, opened on 2 November 2026?
Explanation:The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) joined Tiger Triumph 2026 for the first time. The India–US tri-service Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief exercise opened at Visakhapatnam’s Maritime Warfare Centre. This edition is a tabletop exercise focused on planning, coordination and interoperability for major disasters. Indian Army, Navy, Air Force and tri-service Special Forces personnel participate alongside US military specialists, including space, cyber, medical and explosive-ordnance-disposal experts. NDRF’s headquarters is in New Delhi.
Q7) Which police force received the President’s Colour during its Diamond Jubilee celebrations on 1 November 2026?
Explanation:Chandigarh Police received the Colour in recognition of six decades of service, discipline and dedication. Home and Cooperation Minister Amit Shah attended as chief guest, alongside Punjab Governor and Chandigarh Administrator Gulab Chand Kataria. The force inducted 141 vehicles. Chandigarh became a Union Territory and the joint capital of Punjab and Haryana on 1 November 1966; the ceremony connected that anniversary with the force’s policing achievements.
Q8) Which sail-training ship returned to Kochi on 2 November 2026 after completing Lokayan 26?
Explanation:INS Sudarshini completed the ten-month expedition after sailing over 22,000 nautical miles. Flagged off from Kochi on 20 January 2026, it made 17 port calls in 11 countries across Asia, Europe, Africa and North America, including two transatlantic crossings. It attended France’s Escale à Sète festival and US SAIL 250/International Naval Review events. Vice Admiral Sameer Saxena, Southern Naval Command’s chief, presided over its flag-in ceremony.
Q9) Who was announced as the Geological Survey of India’s 55th Director General on 1 November 2026?
Explanation:Dinesh Vitthalrao Ganvir took charge of the Geological Survey of India (GSI), an attached office of the Ministry of Mines. He joined on 1 July 1994 after a geology master’s at RTMNU, Nagpur. His career spans the Central, North-Eastern and Northern Regions; before this appointment he headed Central Region, Nagpur, as Additional Director General and held additional National Mission Head-II charge. His experience includes mineral exploration, engineering geology and scientific administration. GSI is headquartered in Kolkata; the Union Mines Minister was G. Kishan Reddy.
Q10) Which Chief Minister inaugurated Manipur’s BRICS Sustainable Lifestyle Week on 1 November 2026?
Explanation:Yumnam Khemchand Singh inaugurated the programme at Khuman Lampak, Imphal East. He planted Uningthou saplings with other dignitaries, administered an environmental pledge and flagged off a cyclothon involving over 200 participants. The state Environment and Climate Change Department conducted the programme to encourage environmentally responsible daily habits and collective action for conservation. Khemchand was Manipur’s Chief Minister. Manipur’s capital is Imphal.
Q11) ADB’s $139.55 million loan approved on 30 October 2026 supports an urban-livability project in which Union Territory?
Explanation:Puducherry is the beneficiary of ADB’s first engagement in the Union Territory, serving over 320,000 people. The project upgrades 100 km of water network and adds 80 km, builds 270 km of sewers and rehabilitates 80 km. It also provides a 50-million-litre-per-day sewage treatment plant and 4.5 km of accessible walkways. The Asian Development Bank, founded in 1966, has 69 members, including 50 regional members. The UT’s capital is Puducherry and its Chief Minister was N. Rangasamy. ADB is headquartered in Manila, Philippines, and its President was Masato Kanda.
Q12) Which team did India defeat 54–20 in the inaugural Commonwealth Kabaddi Championship men’s final on 31 October 2026?
Explanation:India defeated Sri Lanka 54–20, completing eight victories without a loss under captain Surjeet Singh. Aditya Shinde led with ten raid points from 14 raids, Bharat Hooda added eight, and Yogesh Dahiya made five successful tackles from five attempts. India inflicted four All-Outs without conceding one. Its semifinal win was 56–27 over Bangladesh; the tournament campaign produced 380 points while conceding 193.
Q13) In which weight class did Manisha become India’s first women’s senior world wrestling champion at Astana 2026?
Explanation:Manisha won the 59 kg world title, overturning a 6–0 deficit to beat Abigail Nette 8–6 in the final. Earlier in the championships, India’s Neelam at 50 kg and Kajal at 76 kg had reached finals but finished short of gold. Manisha became India’s second senior world wrestling champion overall after Sushil Kumar’s men’s 66 kg freestyle gold in 2010. United World Wrestling published the historic result on 30 October. The governing body, United World Wrestling, is based in Corsier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland, and was headed by President Nenad Lalovic.
Q14) Under the VB–G RAM G Grievance Redressal Rules announced on 2 November 2026, an unresolved grievance is escalated after how many days?
Explanation:An unresolved grievance is escalated after 15 days. The Ministry of Rural Development’s rules establish Gram Panchayat, Block and District mechanisms, with designated Grievance Redressal Officers. Enquiries must finish within seven working days; resolution is due within 15 days of receipt. Physical complaints must be digitally registered the same day or next working day, and registration cannot be refused because of language, format or procedural deficiencies. Rural Development Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan headed the responsible ministry.
Q15) Who is eligible for the November–December 2026 international Digi Yatra trials at seven Indian airports?
Explanation:Indian nationals holding e-passports on selected Air India and IndiGo international flights are eligible. Trials cover Delhi, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Cochin, Mumbai, Chennai and Amritsar. Users create a Verifiable Credential by scanning the passport’s MRZ, reading its chip through NFC and capturing a selfie; the credential stays in the device wallet. The Civil Aviation Ministry stresses that normal document checks and immigration remain mandatory; feedback will guide a wider 2027 rollout. Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu was the Union Civil Aviation Minister.
Q16) Which project was assigned to Digantara in IN-SPACe’s AI INSPIRED 2026 seed-grant selections?
Explanation:Digantara was selected for the Agentic RSO Evaluation Suite (ARES). The Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre listed six grant recipients: Agnikul Cosmos, Digantara, EON Space Labs, OrbitAid Aerospace, Omnipresent Robot Technologies and TakeMeToSpace. Their projects cover landing navigation, orbital-object evaluation, debris detection, servicing, recognition and spacecraft autonomy. Foucault and AkashaVeda appear separately for mentorship, validation support and possible technology transfer, rather than in the six-company grant list. IN-SPACe is headquartered in Ahmedabad and was chaired by Dr. Pawan Kumar Goenka.
Q17) Which campaign theme marked the 2026 International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists?
Explanation:Threats Evolve. Impunity Endures. was the 2026 campaign theme. The UN General Assembly proclaimed 2 November through its 2013 resolution, commemorating the killing of two French journalists in Mali that day. UNESCO’s 2026 programme included a Paris headquarters event and its biennial Director-General’s report. The current report puts unresolved journalist killings at 86% and draws attention to emerging technology-enabled threats, including drones. UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, headquartered in Paris and headed by Director-General Khaled El-Enany.
Q18) Who was appointed CEO of the Amdavad 2030 Commonwealth Games Organising Company, as confirmed by Commonwealth Sport on 20 October 2026?
Explanation:M. Thennarasan was appointed Chief Executive Officer. The organising company was incorporated on 31 August 2026 and held its first board meeting in late September. Commonwealth Sport’s Executive Board reviewed preparations after Glasgow 2026, while recruitment of the wider leadership team proceeded. President Dr. Donald Rukare described these steps as foundations for the centenary Games in Amdavad in 2030.
Q19) The DBN–Tamil Nadu–TANFINET agreement signed on 30 October 2026 supports more than how many rural home fibre connections?
Explanation:It supports over five lakh rural home fibre connections and on-demand access for 4,767 villages. Digital Bharat Nidhi, an attached office of the Telecommunications Department under the Communications Ministry, signed with Tamil Nadu and Tamil Nadu FibreNet Corporation at Sanchar Bhawan, New Delhi. The state-led Amended BharatNet Programme receives central subsidy support; the Union Cabinet approved ABP on 4 August 2023. DBN was formerly the Universal Service Obligation Fund. Tamil Nadu’s capital is Chennai; its Chief Minister was C. Joseph Vijay.
Q20) The bovine research centre inaugurated in Banaskantha on 30 October 2026 was described as India’s first such facility for which indigenous cattle breed?
Explanation:The centre is the first such facility dedicated to Kankrej. The Prime Minister linked Banaskantha’s new research centre with the Rashtriya Gokul Mission, which supports conservation and scientific breeding of indigenous livestock. Its work also covers Gir and Sahiwal cattle and Mehsana, Murrah and Jaffarabadi buffaloes. The programme seeks improved breed quality and milk productivity, alongside vaccination against diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease. Gujarat’s capital is Gandhinagar and its Chief Minister was Bhupendra Patel.
Q21) At EPFO’s 74th Foundation Day in November 2026, which service was launched to give members PF balance, recent transactions and passbook information?
Explanation:EPFO launched its verified WhatsApp service for PF balance, the latest five transactions, passbook information and PMVBRY assistance. Labour and Employment Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, also Chairman of the Central Board of Trustees (EPF), presided over the New Delhi event. Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation also introduced automatic settlement for eligible Aadhaar-verified inoperative accounts up to ₹1,000, expected to cover about one lakh accounts involving ₹5 crore. Ramesh Krishnamurthi attended as Central Provident Fund Commissioner. EPFO’s head office is in New Delhi.
Q22) Which organisation led the Semiconductors and Next-Generation Chips session at ESTIC 2026 in New Delhi?
Explanation:DRDO, the Defence Research and Development Organisation, led the session at the Emerging Science, Technology and Innovation Conclave, held at Bharat Mandapam from 27–29 October 2026. The Prime Minister inaugurated the conclave, jointly organised by 12 ministries/departments under the Principal Scientific Adviser’s guidance. Its Solid State Physics Laboratory, Delhi, exhibited Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits for radar/electronic warfare and Infrared Focal Plane Arrays for missile seekers. Other displays included quantum prototypes, exoskeletons and scramjet technology. DRDO works under the Ministry of Defence, headed by Rajnath Singh.
Q23) The Northern Bullet Train Corridor announced on 31 October 2026 was proposed to extend beyond Siliguri to which city?
Explanation:Guwahati is the proposed northeastern extension. Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw announced the corridor during the Varanasi–New Delhi Vande Bharat Sleeper launch. The proposed connection includes major cities such as Agra, Kanpur, Lucknow, Varanasi and Patna. Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma said the route had originally ended at Siliguri and that he had sought its extension. Announced journey times are projections for a proposed corridor, not current operating services. Assam’s capital is Dispur.
Q24) Ved Rahi, who died on 1 November 2026, received the 1983 Sahitya Akademi Award for which Dogri collection?
Explanation:Aale, his Dogri short-story collection, earned Ved Rahi the 1983 Sahitya Akademi Award. He died aged 93 at his Thane residence and was also an Akademi Fellow. His work crossed literature, cinema and television: he directed Gul Gulshan Gulfam and films including Prem Parbat, Kali Ghata and Veer Savarkar, and wrote screenplays and dialogues for more than 25 Hindi films. Sahitya Akademi, India’s National Academy of Letters, has its head office in New Delhi.
Q25) In Air Chief Marshal Ashutosh Dixit’s VAYU vision outlined on 1 November 2026, what does U signify?
Explanation:Unity of Effort calls for greater jointness with the Army, Navy and national agencies, aligned with JAI: Jointness, Aatmanirbharta and Innovation. The other VAYU pillars are Vigilance, Victory and Readiness; Aatmanirbharta; and Yukti. Dixit, the 29th IAF Chief, began the day with homage at the National War Memorial. An experimental test pilot and qualified flying instructor, he has over 3,500 flying hours and previously held CISC, Central Air Command chief and Vice Chief appointments.
Q26) Khushbu Rajakbhai Darjada won Dakar 2026 judo silver in which women’s weight category?
Explanation:Darjada won silver in the −63 kg category after losing the final to Germany’s Jolina Reinhold by ippon. The International Judo Federation’s report places Indonesia’s Sashenka Fatimah and Kyrgyzstan’s Aaisha Kyialbekova in the two bronze positions. The competition’s second judo day also crowned Fatima Supygaliyeva of Kazakhstan in women’s −52 kg and Maks Cebulj of Slovenia in men’s −81 kg. IJF President Marius Vizer headed the international governing body at the time.
Q27) The Department of Posts’ commemorative stamps released on 30 October 2026 focused on awareness of which disease?
Explanation:Breast cancer awareness was the focus of two stamps and picture postcards released by Health Secretary Punya Salila Srivastava and DG Postal Services Manisha Sinha. The Health and Family Welfare Ministry supplied technical material. The initiative marked the 1–31 October awareness month and emphasised early detection and screening. The National Programme for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases integrates oral, breast and cervical cancer screening into primary healthcare at over 1.8 lakh Ayushman Arogya Mandirs. Jagat Prakash Nadda was the Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare.
Q28) What was the announced theme for the 2026 Rashtriya Ekta Diwas cultural performances and tableaux at Ekta Nagar?
Explanation:Vande Mataram was the announced cultural theme. Home Secretary Govind Mohan outlined the programme at the Home Ministry’s 21 October briefing. The 31 October celebration was scheduled in the evening and highlighted security forces’ work against armed Naxalism. The National School of Drama’s planned presentation involved around 2,000 artists from 126 formerly affected districts, alongside a wider cultural performance by about 5,000 artists. The responsible Ministry of Home Affairs was headed by Amit Shah.
Q29) According to reporting on the World Bank’s October 2026 India brief, how many people moved above the $4.20-a-day poverty line between 2011 and 2023?
Explanation:496 million people, or 49.6 crore, moved above the lower-middle-income poverty line. The poverty rate at $4.20 per day fell from 57.7% to 16.1%; at the separate $3 extreme-poverty line it declined from 27.1% to 2.6%. Both thresholds use 2021 purchasing power parity. Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman cited the report; its $4.20 poverty projections of 14.2% in 2026 and 12.1% in 2028 are forecasts, distinct from the historical 2023 estimate. The World Bank Group is headquartered in Washington, D.C., and was led by President Ajay Banga.
Q30) Who captained India to the inaugural Commonwealth Kabaddi women’s title in October 2026?
Explanation:Nidhi Sharma led India to a 35–15 final victory over Uganda and six wins from six matches. Sakshi scored nine raid points in the final and finished the championship with 52 points; Anu added six final raid points and Nidhi five. Ritu and Suman contributed four tackle points each. India had beaten Sri Lanka 39–14 in the semifinal and completed the unbeaten campaign in Ahmedabad.
Q31) Who assumed charge as Eastern Air Command’s Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief on 1 November 2026?
Explanation:Air Marshal Mehtab Singh Deswal took charge. Commissioned as a fighter pilot on 14 June 1989, he has over 3,200 flying hours and specialises in strike and air-defence roles. An NDA and National Defence College alumnus, he commanded two flying bases, served as Air Attaché in Pakistan and Director General (Weapon Systems). His preceding appointment was Senior Air Staff Officer, South Western Air Command; his decorations include AVSM and VM. Eastern Air Command is headquartered at Upper Shillong, Meghalaya.
Q32) From which venue did Amit Shah flag off New Delhi’s Run for Unity on 31 October 2026?
Explanation:Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium hosted the run marking Patel’s 151st birth anniversary. Union Home and Cooperation Minister Amit Shah highlighted Patel’s role in India’s political integration and urged a drug-free India. The Legislative Department of the Ministry of Law and Justice participated under Secretary Dr. Rajiv Mani. Participants reaffirmed unity, integrity and solidarity through the Rashtriya Ekta Diwas observance.
Q33) In which event did Dhinidhi Desinghu win bronze at Dakar 2026 on 2 November?
Explanation:Dhinidhi won women’s 100m freestyle bronze in 56.27 seconds at age 16. World Aquatics records the result in a 50-metre pool at the Youth Olympic Games in Senegal on 2 November 2026. Her earlier 2026 results included 200m freestyle gold in 2:01.81 and 400m freestyle bronze in 4:21.56 at Thailand’s Asian Age Group Championships; both are marked as national records in her official profile.
Q34) SEBI’s 30 October 2026 FPI KYC changes extend the three-year review cycle for eligible investors to how long?
Explanation:The eligible cycle becomes eight years; other specified reviews move from one to two years, effective 1 December 2026. Non-high-risk Category I FPIs and regulated Category II entities receive the eight-year interval; other categories depend on jurisdiction and regulatory status. The Securities and Exchange Board of India also removes separate change/no-change declarations at registration continuance. SWAGAT-FI’s ten-year cycle remains unchanged. Chairman Tuhin Kanta Pandey linked the changes to reducing repetitive compliance. SEBI’s head office is in Mumbai.
Q35) Bhutan’s Stupa No. 76, dedicated to Narendra Modi on 1 November 2026, forms part of a project at which location?
Explanation:Gelephu Mindfulness City hosts the 108-stupa project conceived and steered by King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck. Each stupa is 15 metres high, spaced 108 metres apart along an 11.7-km stretch of the Aie/Mau River. Parliamentary Affairs and Minority Affairs Minister Kiren Rijiju represented India. The King dedicated No. 76 for Modi’s support to the city; Rijiju also met Bhutanese Prime Minister Dasho Tshering Tobgay during his visit. Bhutan’s capital is Thimphu and its currency is the ngultrum.
Q36) Whom did Bulgaria’s Central Election Commission declare elected President on 3 November 2026 after the 1 November runoff?
Explanation:Iliana Malinova Iotova was declared elected President, with Kiril Aleksandrov Valchev elected Vice-President. The commission’s 3 November decision records the final outcome of the 1 November runoff, following the first round on 25 October. Their opposing ticket comprised Andrey Gyurov and Georgi Kandev. The declaration establishes the final election result rather than merely an exit-poll lead. Bulgaria’s capital is Sofia; its currency is the euro, introduced on 1 January 2026.
Q37) India’s inaugural BIMSTEC Maritime Security Exercise of 30 October–3 November 2026 highlighted the role of which integrated command?
Explanation:The Andaman and Nicobar Command, India’s first integrated tri-service command, was central to the exercise. All seven BIMSTEC members participated: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand. The programme followed the sixth BIMSTEC summit and emphasised maritime domain awareness and interoperability. Its message was Shared Seas, Shared Security and Shared Prosperity, reflecting the islands’ position near important sea lanes and their surveillance, disaster-relief and search-and-rescue capabilities. BIMSTEC stands for Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation; its permanent secretariat is in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Q38) Assam’s 31 October 2026 agreement for a ₹600-crore public proton-beam therapy facility was signed with which company?
Explanation:Ion Beam Applications (IBA) of Belgium signed the agreement for the planned facility at Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati. Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma described it as India’s first public-sector proton-beam therapy centre. The ₹600-crore project follows cabinet approval; installation was expected within three years. Proton therapy targets tumours precisely while limiting exposure to healthy tissue, with particular relevance for suitable childhood-cancer cases. The facility was planned, not already operational. Assam’s capital is Dispur.
Q39) Who took charge as IREDA’s Chairman and Managing Director on 30 October 2026?
Explanation:Jatin Kumar Nayak assumed charge on 30 October 2026 following ACC approval conveyed through MNRE’s 29 October order. Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited is a Navratna CPSE under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, with its registered office in New Delhi. Nayak previously served as REC Limited’s Executive Director (Finance), holds a commerce master’s from Utkal University and is a fellow cost and management accountant and qualified company secretary. The renewable-energy ministry was headed by Pralhad Joshi at the time.
Q40) Under the 2 November 2026 contracts for eight Next Generation Corvettes, how many will GRSE and Goa Shipyard build respectively?
Explanation:GRSE will build five and GSL three under contracts totalling ₹53,866.50 crore. The Defence Ministry signed them at Kartavya Bhawan-2, New Delhi, in Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh’s presence. Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited and Goa Shipyard Limited will construct Indian Navy-designed ships selected through a competitive process. Their roles include anti-surface and anti-submarine warfare, coastal defence, littoral operations and maritime surveillance. Rajnath Singh was the Union Defence Minister.
Q41) Ravindra Kishore Sinha, who died on 30 October 2026, founded which security-services enterprise?
Explanation:SIS Enterprises was founded by Sinha, who died aged 75 at his Noida residence after a brief illness. Born in Bihar and educated in Patna, he began as a Hindi-newspaper journalist and recruited many ex-servicemen into his security business after the Bangladesh war. He entered the Rajya Sabha in 2014 and served on the BJP national executive. Bihar Chief Minister Samrat Choudhary was among those who condoled his death.
Q42) Who was appointed Vice Chief of the Air Staff with effect from 1 November 2026?
Explanation:Air Marshal Inderpal Singh Walia, then Eastern Air Command chief, was appointed VCAS. Commissioned into the fighter stream on 11 June 1988, the NDA alumnus has flown MiG variants, Jaguar and Su-30 MKI. He commanded a fighter squadron, TACDE and Bareilly air station, headed Air Staff Inspection and served as Defence Attaché in Japan and South Korea. He received the Vayu Sena Medal in 2008 and Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in 2018.